The head price averaged 88 drachmas, half of a typical price for a slave. The warlike Aetolians lived to the west of Thebes along with other mountainous Greek tribes. This battle showed the potential of this great young leader that will be remembered as Alexander the Great. Some 246 British soldiers escaped and retreated to the head of Lake Ontario, leaving behind 606 killed or captured. Alexander did not punish his opponents in Greece and, satisfied with the destruction of Thebes, returned to Macedonia. At the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC, these 300 gay warriors led the Theban army against the Spartan army. Some of the Theban commanders at first thought it prudent to retreat behind the walls of Thebes and invite a siege rather than face the fearsome Spartans on the open battlefield. The siege of Thebes In October 336, king Philip of Macedonia was killed in the theater of Aegae by Pausanias, one of his bodyguards, and his son Alexander became king.
The victory was achieved through the daring and brilliant pre-meditated tactics of the Theban general Epaminondas who smashed the Spartan hoplites and put to rest the myth of invincibility that Sparta had enjoyed for centuries. - Contact Us - Search - Recent - About Us - Subscribe in a reader - Join our Google Group From the north, the Thermopylae Pass, the so-called gate to Greece, separated the Possessions of Thebes from the plains of Thessaly. Cartwright, Mark. To the First Nations, Procter's actions confirmed their worst fears about the lack of resolution and commitment by their longtime ally, King George III.
Added to these were some 9,000 men provided by Sparta’s allies. The Sacred Band was an elite military unit from Thebes comprising 150 gay couples. Alexander sent several emissaries to request the city submit to him on peaceful terms. Athens even sided with her old enemy Sparta, but Thebes, with Persian backing, continued her expansionist policies and, once again led by Epaminondas, went on to defeat the Spartan and Athenian alliance at the battle of Mantineia in 362 BCE. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. To subdue these northern tribes Alexander needed to move soldiers that were maintaining Macedonian hegemony in southern Greece. As the battle in the swamp waged, Tecumseh was wounded and killed, as was the warrior chief Stiahta (also known as Stayeghtha and Roundhead), of the Wyandot people. Recommended Books. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. The rebels found sympathy and understanding, but no military help. Following the American naval victory under Captain Oliver H. Perry in the battle on Lake Erie at Put-in-Bay on 10 September 1813, the entire western peninsula of Upper Canada was in danger of falling into enemy hands. Thebes was, if not geographically, then strategically in the center of Greece. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. The Americans launched an assault and landed at Amherstburg, under the command of Major General William Henry Harrison, a future president of the United States, in late September, and gave a slow chase of the retreating British. Thebes was, if not geographically, then strategically in the center of Greece. Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map. Luckily for the British, Harrison was a cautious general who did not press hard to catch up with his foe. This policy paid off. His court martial, delayed due to operational reasons, was held in December. The Thebans also had 600 cavalry who were probably the best in Greece at that time. Fought in Boeotia, Greece, the Battle of Leuctra made Thebes the leading military power among the Greek city-states, ending the long dominance of Sparta.
Tecumseh soon questioned the willingness of the British to face the Americans with decisive action, fearing their ally would eventually betray the trust of the First Nations as they had in the past. He had been busy with the siege of Pelium and a rumour had reached them that he had died during the course of this siege. Battle of Leuctra, 371 BCEby Dept. Epaminondas, meanwhile, attacked at an angle towards the left so that, in effect, Cleombrotus was being pushed away from his own line. The Battle of Thebes was a battle between the Greek city of Thebes and Macedon under the command of Alexander III the Great in 335 BCE during his Balkan Campaign. Thebes could manage to assemble about 7,000 hoplites and up to a thousand horsemen.
The southeast of Thebes bordered on the land of Attica, the possessions of Athens, and on the southwest began the isthmus on the peninsula Peloponnese, inhabited by many famous cities, the most famous of which was Sparta. The battle also marked a revolutionary advance in battlefield tactics and demonstrated the effectiveness of homosexuality as a form of bonding for elite troops. Cartwright, M. (2013, June 26). Rejecting the convention of making one’s right wing the strongest, he made his left wing extraordinarily deep - 50 ranks of men - and made his lines narrower than the Spartans. The Thebans rushed to defend the walls, but in the crush and turmoil they did not have time to close the gate, and the Macedonians who pursued them penetrated into Thebes. Most of the prisoners the Americans took ended up interned at an encampment in Sandusky, Ohio, suffering severe sickness in captivity. The fierce resistance of the Thebans on the day of the assault is evidenced by the number of dead Macedonians: 500. The two victims had committed suicide in shame, and a monument in their memory had been set up. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. They reached Thebes ten days after the battle, and demanded the surrender of the main Persian supporters and in particular Timagenidas and Attaginus. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 26 Jun 2013.
In all, 1000 Lacedaemonians fell, including 400 Spartan hoplites. According to other sources, this sum was all prey captured in Thebes.
The military detachments of Thebes were located outside the walls under the protection of light field fortifications and a double palisade. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. The Persians moved towards Phocis and the long road home, while the Greeks took refuge in Thebes. The judge chastised him for the conduct of his retreat, and suspended Procter from rank and pay for six months.
The Thebans followed them through this gap and proceeded to create chaos in the Spartan formation. who were retreating back to Thebes. Epaminondas was much more innovative and put his cavalry and light-infantry in front of his own phalanx formation. Greek Hopliteby Johnny Shumate (Public Domain). The battle itself took place both outside and within the city itself. Pausanias was also aware that some of his fellow Greeks were likely to accept bribes to arrange for the freedom of the Theban leaders, and so he quickly took them back to Corinth and had them executed. It might also be noted that after more than a decade of fighting, the Spartan’s allies probably lacked enthusiasm for further conflicts. The allies from Boeotia, who Alexander had commissioned to dispose of Thebes, decided to place the garrison in Cadmeia, to dig the city to its foundations, and to divide the land. The Gentleman Pirate – The Wealthy Man Turned Pirate? https://www.ancient.eu/Battle_of_Leuctra/. Cartwright, Mark.
From Cadmei, a Macedonian garrison broke into the streets of Thebes, and the resistance of the inhabitants was broken.
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