crocodile species

[55], When submerged, a crocodilian's heart rate slows down to one or two beats a minute, and blood flow to the muscles is reduced. They are such motionless in the water as the marine animals didn’t feel their large bodies in the water. It comprises the Pseudosuchia, the "false crocodiles", and the Avemetatarsalia, which in turn comprises the dinosaurs and their relatives, the pterosaurs and the birds. Attacks may come from animals of various sizes, but the larger males are generally responsible for fatalities. In this, the existence of a distinct group Brevirostres was rejected, with the long-snouted gavialids more closely related to crocodiles than to alligators. Crocodiles can easily found in the extremely warm places due to they need to maintain the temperature in their bodies. This includes rivers, lakes, and wetland, lagoons where the humidity level is more and even small pools of water which fills during the rainy season.

[146] A legend from East Timor tells how a boy rescues a gigantic crocodile that becomes stranded. [19][31] When the animal needs to stop, steer, or manoeuvre in a different direction, the limbs are splayed out. TEXT VERSION By 2000, skins from twelve crocodilian species, whether harvested lawfully in the wild or farmed, were traded by thirty countries, and the unlawful trade in the products had almost vanished. Crocodile Species There are 23 different crocodile species that have been identified.They are found all over the world – in both salt water and fresh water.

The basking period is extended in winter and reduced in summer. [24][25] The well-developed trigeminal nerve allows them to detect vibrations in the water (such as those made by potential prey).

[142] The Maya also associated crocodilians with fertility and death. They are rare and found only in South Asia. Dinosaurs and birds are the closest relatives of crocodiles.

[102] While the female is transporting some to the nursery area, others are picked off by predators that lurk near the nest. [127], The gharial has undergone a chronic long-term decline, combined with a rapid short-term decline, leading the IUCN to list the species as critically endangered.


Crocodylus johnstoni

[35] A fast entry into water from a muddy bank can be effected by plunging to the ground, twisting the body from side to side and splaying out the limbs.

Artistic and literary representations of crocodilians have appeared in human cultures around the world since at least Ancient Egypt. [2] Shortly after, Wermuth opted for Crocodylia as the proper name for this redescribed group,[3] basing it on the type genus Crocodylus (Laurenti, 1768). In 1967 it was listed as an endangered species, but the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and state wildlife agencies in the Southern United States stepped in and worked towards its recovery. [9], Crocodilians range in size from the Paleosuchus and Osteolaemus species, which reach 1–1.5 m (3 ft 3 in–4 ft 11 in), to the saltwater crocodile, which reaches 7 m (23 ft) and weighs up to 2,000 kg (4,400 lb), though some prehistoric species such as the late Cretaceous Deinosuchus were even larger at up to about 11 m (36 ft)[10] and 3,450 kg (7,610 lb).

[13] Their ankle joints flex in a different way from those of other reptiles, a feature they share with some early archosaurs. It also makes various grunts and hisses. For example, an alligator in temperate regions may start the day by basking in the sun on land. Man-made holes do not appear to have as large an effect. [19], The social life of a crocodilian begins while it is still in the egg, because the young start communicating with each other before they are hatched. [15] Both sexes have a cloaca, a single chamber and outlet at the base of the tail into which the intestinal, urinary and genital tracts open. Report British Association Adv. Their vertebrae were convex on the two main articulating surfaces, and their bony palates were little developed. Constant nest temperatures above 32 °C (90 °F) produce more males, while those below 31 °C (88 °F) produce more females. They are very choosy when it comes to males they will mate with. They may play a part in communication, as indirect evidence suggest that they secrete pheromones used in courtship or nesting. When a crocodilian leaves the water and dries off, this substance is visible as "tears". Crocodiles are the live examples of the dinosaurs (yet the after too much evolutions) like reptiles of prehistoric times and it is now nearest living relatives of the birds. [19] Terrestrial prey is stalked from the water's edge and then grabbed and drowned.

[66], Crocodilians are ectotherms, producing relatively little heat internally and relying on external sources to raise their body temperatures.

Crocodiles are also able to survive in the salt water which is the best place for the few species of the crocodiles. This involves the hind limbs launching the body forward and the fore limbs subsequently taking the weight. Ichthy. Unfolding fossil evidence shows that Mesozoic crocodylomorphs had a much greater diversity of forms than modern crocodilians. [34], Though typically slow on land, crocodilians can produce brief bursts of speed, and some can run at 12 to 14 km/h (7.5 to 8.7 mph) for short distances. [64], Crocodilian teeth are adapted for seizing and holding prey, and food is swallowed unchewed.

This allows them to survive for many months on a single large meal, digesting the food slowly.

Newly hatched crocodilians gather together and stay close to their mother. [36] During terrestrial locomotion, a crocodilian can keep its back and tail straight, since the scales are attached to the vertebrae by muscles. This helps them to get the nutrients from the water and get the salt found in it.

The vertebrae of eusuchians had one convex and one concave articulating surface, allowing for a ball and socket type joint between the vertebrae, bringing greater flexibility and strength. [135] A study examining alligator farms in the United States showed that they have generated significant conservation gains, and poaching of wild alligators has greatly diminished. Individuals of some species may share basking sites at certain times of the day.

They can survive for long time without consume the water. [73], The young may all hatch in a single night. [144] Similar stories exist in Native American legends, and in the African American folktale of an alligator and Br'er Rabbit. [95] Crocodilians are unusual among reptiles in the amount of parental care provided after the young hatch. [12] It houses the penis in males and the clitoris in females.

Systematik der Rezenten Krokodile. Crocodiles have the excellent eyesight especially at the night. During diving, muscles are supplied with oxygen when an increasing concentration of bicarbonate ions causes haemoglobin in the blood to release oxygen.

At the Conference of the Parties in Botswana in 1983, it was argued on behalf of aggrieved local people that it was reasonable to sell the lawfully hunted skins. 1953. A bulky animal, it warms up slowly, but at some time later in the day it moves into the water, still exposing its dorsal surface to the sun. Some species are occasionally gregarious, particularly during droughts, when several individuals gather at remaining water sites. They swim well and can move on land in a "high walk" and a "low walk", while smaller species are even capable of galloping.
[13] Crocodilians typically remain underwater for fifteen minutes or less at a time, but some can hold their breath for up to two hours under ideal conditions. [87], Adult crocodilians are typically territorial and solitary. Common name:AFRICAN DWARFCROCODILEDistribution:Africa They will able for mating at the age of 8-10 years. The crocodiles have the 23 species which are found across the world. Although the term 'crocodiles' is sometimes used to refer to all of these, crocodilians is a less ambiguous vernacular term for members of this group. [62] When submerging, the nostrils of a crocodilian shut tight.

Individuals of some species may share basking sites at certain times of the day.

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