[257] The Grimms also gathered and codified regional variants of the German language, grounding their work in historical principles; their Deutsches Wörterbuch, or German Dictionary, sometimes called the Grimm dictionary, was begun in 1838 and the first volumes published in 1854. Other religions comprise less than one percent of Germany's population. [102] Germany sent a peacekeeping force to secure stability in the Balkans and sent German troops to Afghanistan as part of a NATO effort to provide security in that country after the ousting of the Taliban. [267] During the 1970s and 1980s, New German Cinema directors such as Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Herzog, Wim Wenders, and Rainer Werner Fassbinder brought West German auteur cinema to critical acclaim. [246], German classical music includes works by some of the world's most well-known composers. [129] Each state has its own state constitution,[130] and is largely autonomous in regard to its internal organisation. Please check you have entered your email address correctly. A debt restructuring plan and the creation of a new currency in 1924 ushered in the Golden Twenties, an era of artistic innovation and liberal cultural life.
67 43 13. Richard Wagner was known for his operas. [235] In 2014, Germany spent 11.3% of its GDP on health care. Dieterich Buxtehude, Johann Sebastian Bach and Georg Friedrich Händel were influential composers of the Baroque period. [154], As of January 2020[update], the Bundeswehr has a strength of 184,001 active soldiers and 80,947 civilians. Germany Flag Home. Disagreement within restoration politics partly led to the rise of liberal movements, followed by new measures of repression by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich. Cultural festivals are also common place which induce people from small villages to don their traditional atire and celebrate.
[110] Average monthly precipitation ranged from 30 litres per square metre in February and April 2019 to 125 litres per square metre in February 2020. Germany's television market is the largest in Europe, with some 38 million TV households. [253] Renowned contemporary architects and offices include Pritzker Prize winners Gottfried Böhm and Frei Otto. Its capital and largest city is Berlin, and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. [153] In 2018, military spending was at $49.5 billion, about 1.2% of the country's GDP, well below the NATO target of 2%. [45] In light of revolutionary movements in Europe, intellectuals and commoners started the revolutions of 1848 in the German states, raising the German Question. [259] The German book market is the third largest in the world, after the United States and China. [218] Most of the Muslims are Sunnis and Alevites from Turkey, but there are a small number of Shi'ites, Ahmadiyyas and other denominations. [117] There are many species of ferns, flowers, fungi, and mosses. King Frederick William IV of Prussia was offered the title of Emperor, but with a loss of power; he rejected the crown and the proposed constitution, a temporary setback for the movement.
[67] A government-sponsored programme for economic renewal focused on public works, the most famous of which was the autobahn.
[175] The top 10 exports of Germany are vehicles, machinery, chemical goods, electronic products, electrical equipments, pharmaceuticals, transport equipments, basic metals, food products, and rubber and plastics. [234] Since the 1880s, reforms and provisions have ensured a balanced health care system. Germany (German: Deutschland, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃlant]), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, listen),[e] is a country in Central and Western Europe. Germany (German: Deutschland, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃlant]), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, listen), is a country in Central and Western Europe.Covering an area of 357,022 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), it lies between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south. Try signing in with CONNECTED_THIRD_PARTY_NAMES or use another email address. [230] The Humboldt University of Berlin, founded in 1810 by the liberal educational reformer Wilhelm von Humboldt, became the academic model for many Western universities. [265] The largest magazines include ADAC Motorwelt and Der Spiegel. Bread is a significant part of German cuisine and German bakeries produce about 600 main types of bread and 1,200 types of pastries and rolls (Brötchen). [200] Nevertheless, the country's total greenhouse gas emissions were the highest in the EU in 2017[update]. [54], The assassination of Austria's crown prince on 28 June 1914 provided the pretext for Austria-Hungary to attack Serbia and trigger World War I. [107], Germany is in Western and Central Europe, bordering Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria to the southeast, and Switzerland to the south-southwest. [183], Research and development efforts form an integral part of the German economy. Most of the German universities are public institutions, and students traditionally study without fee payment. [177], Of the world's 500 largest stock-market-listed companies measured by revenue in 2019, the Fortune Global 500, 29 are headquartered in Germany.
[214] 31.7% declared themselves as Protestants, including members of the Evangelical Church in Germany (which encompasses Lutheran, Reformed and administrative or confessional unions of both traditions) and the free churches (German: Evangelische Freikirchen); 31.2% declared themselves as Roman Catholics, and Orthodox believers constituted 1.3%. ", "The Growing Popularity of International Study in Germany", "Rankings: Universität Heidelberg in International Comparison", "Humboldt's educational ideal and modern academic education", "Germany statistics summary (2002–present)", "Overweight and obesity – BMI statistics", "BBC poll: Germany most popular country in the world", "World Service Global Poll: Negative views of Russia on the rise", "The country with one people and 1,200 sausages", "Christmas Traditions in Austria, Germany, Switzerland", "Artikel 2 EV – Vertrag zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik über die Herstellung der Einheit Deutschlands (Einigungsvertrag – EV k.a.Abk. [250], German painters have influenced western art. The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film ("Oscar") went to the German production Die Blechtrommel (The Tin Drum) in 1979, to Nirgendwo in Afrika (Nowhere in Africa) in 2002, and to Das Leben der Anderen (The Lives of Others) in 2007. [4] The second-highest official in the German order of precedence is the Bundestagspräsident (president of the Bundestag), who is elected by the Bundestag and responsible for overseeing the daily sessions of the body. But after a ruling of the Federal Constitutional Court in 1994 the term "defence" has been defined to not only include protection of the borders of Germany, but also crisis reaction and conflict prevention, or more broadly as guarding the security of Germany anywhere in the world. [141] In 2018, the overall crime rate fell to its lowest since 1992.
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